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APIntermediate
AP Environmental Science
Study ecosystems, energy, and environmental challenges with data-driven scientific reasoning.
📚 9 units🤖 AI-guided support✅ Practice questions included
Course Units
2025–26 College Board CED1
The Living World: Ecosystems6–8% of exam
1.1
Ecosystem Structure — Who Eats Whom and Why It Matters
Coming Soon
1.2
Energy Flow and the 10% Rule
Coming Soon
1.3
Biogeochemical Cycles — Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Water
Coming Soon
1.4
Terrestrial Biomes — Climate Determines Structure
Coming Soon
1.5
Aquatic Biomes and Zones
Coming Soon
1.6
Ecological Niches and Species Interactions
Coming Soon
1.7
Ecosystem Services — What Nature Provides
Coming Soon
1.8
Primary and Secondary Productivity Calculations
Coming Soon
2
The Living World: Biodiversity6–8% of exam
2.1
Biodiversity — Three Levels and Why Each Matters
Coming Soon
2.2
Evolution and Natural Selection as Biodiversity Engine
Coming Soon
2.3
Island Biogeography — A Model for Habitat Patches
Coming Soon
2.4
Threats to Biodiversity — HIPPO
Coming Soon
2.5
Keystone Species and Trophic Cascades
Coming Soon
2.6
Conservation Strategies — Protected Areas and Corridors
Coming Soon
2.7
Invasive Species — Mechanisms and Case Studies
Coming Soon
2.8
Endangered Species and International Agreements
Coming Soon
3
Populations10–15% of exam
3.1
Population Dynamics — Growth Models
Coming Soon
3.2
Population Density and Distribution Patterns
Coming Soon
3.3
Age Structure Diagrams — Predicting the Future
Coming Soon
3.4
Human Population Growth — Demographic Transition
Coming Soon
3.5
Survivorship Curves — Who Dies When
Coming Soon
3.6
Resource Consumption and Ecological Footprint
Coming Soon
3.7
Sustainable Yield and Fisheries Management
Coming Soon
3.8
Human Population Policies and Ethics
Coming Soon
4
Earth Systems and Resources10–15% of exam
4.1
Plate Tectonics and Earth's Interior
Coming Soon
4.2
The Rock Cycle and Soil Formation
Coming Soon
4.3
The Atmosphere — Structure and Composition
Coming Soon
4.4
Solar Radiation, Albedo, and Earth's Energy Budget
Coming Soon
4.5
Global Wind Patterns and Ocean Currents
Coming Soon
4.6
El Niño/La Niña and Climate Variability
Coming Soon
4.7
Water Systems — Hydrological Cycle and Freshwater
Coming Soon
4.8
Natural Disasters — Frequency, Magnitude, Prediction
Coming Soon
5
Land and Water Use10–15% of exam
5.1
Agriculture — Green Revolution and Its Consequences
Coming Soon
5.2
Soil Degradation — Erosion, Salinization, Desertification
Coming Soon
5.3
Sustainable Agriculture — Conservation Practices
Coming Soon
5.4
Forestry — Logging Methods and Their Impacts
Coming Soon
5.5
Mining — Extraction Methods and Remediation
Coming Soon
5.6
Fisheries and Aquaculture
Coming Soon
5.7
Urban Land Use and Sprawl
Coming Soon
5.8
Water Use, Diversion, and Irrigation Issues
Coming Soon
6
Energy Resources and Consumption10–15% of exam
6.1
Fossil Fuels — Formation, Extraction, Environmental Costs
Coming Soon
6.2
Nuclear Energy — Fission, Waste, and Risk
Coming Soon
6.3
Solar Energy — Photovoltaic and Passive Systems
Coming Soon
6.4
Wind, Hydro, and Geothermal Energy
Coming Soon
6.5
Biofuels and Biomass Energy
Coming Soon
6.6
Energy Conservation and Efficiency
Coming Soon
6.7
The Energy Mix — Global and US Patterns
Coming Soon
6.8
Energy Policy — Economics, Subsidies, and Incentives
Coming Soon
7
Atmospheric Pollution7–10% of exam
7.1
Air Pollutants — Primary and Secondary
Coming Soon
7.2
Photochemical Smog Formation
Coming Soon
7.3
Acid Deposition — Chemistry and Ecological Damage
Coming Soon
7.4
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Coming Soon
7.5
Indoor Air Pollution
Coming Soon
7.6
The Clean Air Act and Pollution Reduction
Coming Soon
7.7
Noise and Light Pollution
Coming Soon
7.8
Climate Change and Atmospheric Pollution Linkages
Coming Soon
8
Aquatic and Terrestrial Pollution7–10% of exam
8.1
Water Pollution — Point vs. Nonpoint Sources
Coming Soon
8.2
Eutrophication — Nutrient Pollution Mechanisms
Coming Soon
8.3
Toxic Pollutants and Biomagnification
Coming Soon
8.4
Solid Waste — Types, Disposal, Reduction
Coming Soon
8.5
Hazardous Waste — Classification and Superfund
Coming Soon
8.6
Oil Spills — Impacts and Remediation
Coming Soon
8.7
Soil Contamination and Remediation
Coming Soon
8.8
Environmental Justice — Pollution Burden Distribution
Coming Soon
9
Global Change15–20% of exam
9.1
The Greenhouse Effect and Climate Science
Coming Soon
9.2
Climate Feedbacks — Amplifying and Dampening
Coming Soon
9.3
Climate Change Impacts — Ecological and Human
Coming Soon
9.4
Ocean Acidification
Coming Soon
9.5
Mitigation Strategies — Reducing Emissions
Coming Soon
9.6
Adaptation Strategies — Living With Climate Change
Coming Soon
9.7
International Climate Policy — UNFCCC, Paris Agreement
Coming Soon
9.8
Ozone Recovery and Environmental Policy Lessons
Coming Soon