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APAdvanced
AP Chemistry
Build from atomic structure and periodic trends to thermodynamics with a crisp, step-by-step AP Chemistry path.
📚 9 units🤖 AI-guided support✅ Practice questions included
📖Open Textbook→Course Units
2025–26 College Board CED1
Atomic Structure and Properties7–9% of exam
1.1
Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table
1.2
Photoelectron Spectroscopy — Reading Atomic Structure
1.3
Periodic Trends — Why They Exist, Not Just What They Are
1.4
Mass Spectrometry and Isotopes
1.5
Moles, Molar Mass, and Stoichiometry Foundations
1.6
Mixtures, Pure Substances, and Separation Techniques
1.7
Coulomb's Law and Atomic/Ionic Radii
1.8
Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom
2
Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties7–9% of exam
2.1
Lewis Structures — Beyond the Rules
2.2
VSEPR — Predicting Molecular Geometry
2.3
Ionic vs. Covalent Bonding — Why the Difference Matters
2.4
Metallic Bonding and Properties of Metals
2.5
Hybridization and Bonding Theory
2.6
Naming Ionic and Covalent Compounds
2.7
Molecular Polarity and Dipole Moments
2.8
Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Bonding Evidence
3
Intermolecular Forces and Properties18–22% of exam
3.1
London Dispersion Forces — The Universal IMF
3.2
Hydrogen Bonding — The Special IMF
3.3
Predicting Physical Properties from IMFs
3.4
Solids — Crystalline Structure and Properties
3.5
Solutions — What Dissolves and Why
3.6
Colligative Properties — Concentration Effects
3.7
Phase Diagrams — Pressure, Temperature, and State
3.8
Spectroscopy — IR, NMR, and Mass Spec in Structure Determination
4
Chemical Reactions7–9% of exam
4.1
Balancing Chemical Equations and Reaction Types
4.2
Stoichiometry — Limiting Reagents and Percent Yield
4.3
Solution Stoichiometry and Titrations
4.4
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
4.5
Precipitation Reactions and Solubility Rules
4.6
Acid-Base Reactions and Neutralization
4.7
Gas-Phase Reactions and Stoichiometry
4.8
Electrochemistry and Galvanic Cells
5
Kinetics7–9% of exam
5.1
Reaction Rates — Measuring and Expressing
5.2
Rate Laws and Reaction Orders
5.3
The Arrhenius Equation — Temperature and Rate
5.4
Reaction Mechanisms and Rate-Determining Steps
5.5
Collision Theory and Effective Collisions
5.6
Catalysis — Homogeneous and Heterogeneous
5.7
Integrated Rate Laws and Half-Life Calculations
5.8
Kinetics vs. Thermodynamics — Controlling the Outcome
6
Thermodynamics7–9% of exam
6.1
Enthalpy — Measuring Heat Flow
6.2
Calorimetry — Measuring Enthalpy Experimentally
6.3
Entropy — Disorder and Probability
6.4
Gibbs Free Energy and Spontaneity
6.5
Bond Energies and Enthalpy Estimation
6.6
Temperature Dependence of Spontaneity
6.7
Entropy and the Second Law in Chemical Systems
6.8
Thermodynamic Cycles and Hess's Law Applications
7
Equilibrium7–9% of exam
7.1
Dynamic Equilibrium and the Equilibrium Constant
7.2
ICE Tables and Equilibrium Calculations
7.3
Le Chatelier's Principle — Predicting Equilibrium Shifts
7.4
Reaction Quotient (Q) vs. K
7.5
Solubility Equilibria and Ksp
7.6
Kp vs. Kc and Gas Equilibria
7.7
Coupled Equilibria and Complex Ion Formation
7.8
Gibbs Free Energy and Equilibrium Connection
8
Acids and Bases11–15% of exam
8.1
pH, Ka, and the Strength Scale
8.2
Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs and Autoionization
8.3
Buffer Solutions — Resisting pH Change
8.4
Titration Curves — Anatomy of the Graph
8.5
Polyprotic Acids and Step-wise Ionization
8.6
Acid Strength Trends — Structural Factors
8.7
Lewis Acids and Bases — Beyond Protons
8.8
Acid-Base Indicators and Titration Endpoint Selection
9
Applications of Thermodynamics7–11% of exam
9.1
Electrochemical Cells — Galvanic and Electrolytic
9.2
The Nernst Equation — Non-Standard Conditions
9.3
Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis
9.4
Free Energy, Equilibrium, and Electrochemistry Triangle
9.5
Batteries and Fuel Cells — Applied Electrochemistry
9.6
Corrosion and Electrochemical Protection
9.7
Thermodynamics of Biological Systems
9.8
Entropy, Enthalpy, and Reaction Design